Data Models

“Transmodel” is the short name for the European Standard “Public Transport Reference Data Model” (EN 12896). It contributes to improving a number of features of public transport information and service management: in particular, the standard facilitates interoperability between information processing systems of the transport operators and agencies.

Public transport services rely increasingly on information systems to ensure reliable, efficient operation and widely accessible, accurate passenger information. These systems are used for a range of specific purposes: setting schedules and timetables, managing vehicle fleets, issuing tickets and receipts, providing real time information on service running, and so on.

Transmodel has an important strategic role for European Public Transport data. Under the ITS Directive (Priority Action A ), by 2019 all EC member states must make their data available under Transmodel based standard formats such as NeTEx and SIRI. Transmodel is also being used to harmonise the TAP TSI rail standards into a uniform pan-European model, so is of direct relevance to rail carriers.

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NeTEx has been developed under the aegis of CEN (Comité Européen de Normalisation) and is the most recent development stage in over fifteen years work to systemise and harmonize European passenger information data.

NeTEx provides a means to exchange data for passenger information such as stops, routes timetables and fares, among different computer systems, together with related operational data. It can be used to collect and integrate date from many different stakeholders, and to reintegrate it as it evolves through successive versions.

NeTEx is intended to be a general purpose XML format, designed for the efficient, updateable exchange of complex transport data among distributed systems. This allows the data to be used in modern web services architectures and to support a wide range of passenger information and operational applications.

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SIRI was established as European standard in October 2006. It is a CEN (Comité Européen de Normalisation) and Technical Standard that specifies a European interface standard for exchanging information about the planned, current or projected performance of real-time public transport operations between different computer systems.

SIRI allows pairs of server computers to exchange structured real-time information about schedules, vehicles, and connections, together with general informational messages related to the operation of the services. The information can be used for many different purposes, for example:

• To provide real time-departure from stop information for display on stops, internet and mobile delivery systems;
• To provide real-time progress information about individual vehicles;
• To manage the movement of buses roaming between areas covered by different servers;
• To manage the synchronisation of guaranteed connections between fetcher and feeder services;
• To exchange planned and real-time timetable updates;
• To distribute status messages about the operation of the services;
• To provide performance information to operational history and other management systems.

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(Operating Raw Data and statistics exchange) is an CEN initiative under TC278/WG3 with main focus on the identification of Public Transport raw data to be exchanged, gathered and stored in order to support Study and Control of Pubic Transport Service.

Particular attention on raw data identification is focused on actual and measured information, i.e. information which cannot be changed anymore in the future.

This information is mainly an output of the Transmodel (TRM) domains

• Part4: “Operations monitoring  & control”;
• Part 8: “Management Information and statistics“ focused on raw data for indicators calculation.

It describes the recorded reality of operation, like  delays and cancelled vehicle journeys, etc. either through individual measurements at a given sampling interval or in an aggregate ways (statistics).

OpRa work scope is coherent with those covered by Trasnmodel. NeTEx and SIRI; in this perspective, a deep study of Public Transport Service is performed with Information exchanges with stakeholders (mainly authorities, operators and system providers) to clearly identify the needs and define Use Cases.

OpRa describes the recorded reality of operation, like  delays and cancelled vehicle journeys, etc. either through individual measurements at a given sampling interval or in an aggregate ways (statistics).

• Strategic Planning: definition of network elements (lines, stops), main service parameters (vehicles sizes, operation intervals, service intervals for important time demand types), and guaranteed interchanges are planned (NeTEx, TRM).
• Tactical Planning: operators plan their resource usage (vehicles, rolling stock, personnel), with detailed timetables for each resource uni (NeTEx , TRM).
• Before Travel: all planned networks and timetables are published. Passengers and other type of clients may plan their use of the offered transportation services via printed and electronic media, and make their reservations as needed (NeTEx, TRM).
• In-Travel: The transportation service is conducted. Real-time information exchange is available while this takes place and may be recorded (SIRI, TRM).
• Study and control: in this stage, operators and authorities review the history of actual operations, which may lead to improvements through operational changes, or an optimization of strategic and tactical planning (OpRa, TRM).

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